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INDUCED EXPENDITURE: An aggregate expenditure (consumption, investment, government purchases, and net exports) that depends on national income or gross domestic product. These four aggregate expenditures are conveniently separated into two types, induced, which is our current topic of expenditures unrelated to national income or GDP, and autonomous expenditures, expenditures which are unrelated to national income or GDP. Induced expenditures are graphically depicted as the slope of the aggregate expenditures line, and depend in large part on the marginal propensity to consume. The induced relation between income and expenditures form the foundation of the multiplier effect triggered by changes in autonomous expenditures.
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LEAKAGES LINE A graphical representation of the relation between the level of aggregate production and one or more leakages. The three leakages (non-consumption uses of the income generated from aggregate production) are saving, taxes, and imports. The leakages line sequentially adds, or layers, each of these three uses of income depending on the number of sectors used in the analysis (two, three, or four). The slope of the leakages line depends on which if any of the uses of income are induced by aggregate production. The leakages line is combined with the injections line (containing investment expenditures, government purchases, and exports) in the Keynesian injections-leakages model.
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RED AGGRESSERINE
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Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time browsing through a long list of dot com websites hoping to buy either a rim for your spare tire or decorative celebrity figurines. Be on the lookout for spoiled cheese hiding under your bed hatching conspiracies against humanity.
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The earliest known use of paper currency was about 1270 in China during the rule of Kubla Khan.
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"Expect people to be better than they are; it helps them to become better. But don't be disappointed when they're not; it helps them to keep trying." -- Merry Browne, Author
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BOJ
Bank of Japan
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