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TAX INCIDENCE: The ultimate payment of a tax. Many taxes are initially paid by one person, but passed along through production and consumption activities until it finally reaches someone else. An obvious example is the sales tax. While officially paid by the retail store (they write the check to the government), it's tacked on to the prices paid by consumers. Consumers, thus, bear the lion's share of most sales taxes. The incidence of other taxes is not quite so obvious. Some taxes are paid by producers early in production such as severance taxes on oil extraction without the knowledge of consumers, who end up paying through higher prices. As a general rule taxes are passed through the system until they reach someone (usually consumers) who can pass it no further.
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RESOURCE PRICES, SUPPLY DETERMINANT The prices of the resource inputs that affect production cost and the ability to sell a particular good, which are assumed constant when a supply curve is constructed. An increase in resources prices causes a decrease in supply and a decrease in resource prices causes an increase in supply. Resources prices are one of five supply determinants that shift the supply curve when they change. The other four are production technology, other prices, sellers' expectations, and number of sellers.
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BROWN PRAGMATOX
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time flipping through the yellow pages trying to buy either a green fountain pen or a handcrafted bird house. Be on the lookout for spoiled cheese hiding under your bed hatching conspiracies against humanity.
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Only 1% of the U.S. population paid income taxes when the income tax was established in 1914.
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"God gives talent; work transforms talent into genius. " -- Anna Pavlova, ballerina
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LF
Labor Force, Laissez-Faire
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