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RISK: The possibility of gain or loss. Risk the calculated probability of different events happening, is usually contrasted with uncertainty the possibility that any number of things could happen. For example, uncertainty is the possibility that you could win or lose $100 on the flip of a coin. You don't know which will happen, it could go either way. Risk, in contrast, is the 50 percent chance of winning $100 and the 50 percent chance of losing $100 on the flip of the coin. You know (or think you know) that your probability of winning or losing is 50 percent because the coin has a 50 percent chance of coming up either heads or tails.
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MARKET FAILURES Imperfections in the exchange process between buyers and sellers that prevent markets from efficiently allocating scarce resources. Market failures come in four varieties -- public goods, market control, externalities, and imperfect information. Market efficiency is achieved if the value of goods produced is equal to the value of foregone production. Markets fail when this efficiency condition is not achieved. Such failures can only be corrected by government intervention.
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BEIGE MUNDORTLE [What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time at a going out of business sale looking to buy either a wall poster commemorating the 2000 Presidential election or a rechargeable flashlight. Be on the lookout for vindictive digital clocks with revenge on their minds. Your Complete Scope
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The portion of aggregate output U.S. citizens pay in taxes (30%) is less than the other six leading industrialized nations -- Britain, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, or Japan.
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"I believe that every right implies a responsibility, every opportunity, an obligation, every possession, a duty. " -- John D. Rockefeller, industrialist
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TOCOM Tokyo Commodity Exchange (Japan)
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