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RESERVE RATIO: The amount of reserves required by the Federal Reserve System as a ratio of the amount deposits backed by the reserves. Modern reserve ratios are in the range of 1-3% for checkable deposits. The reserve ratio plays a key role in the deposit multiplier. The simple deposit multiplier is simply the inverse of the reserve ratio. If the reserve ratio is 5%, then the deposit multiplier is 20. It's just that simple.
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FIXED EXCHANGE RATE An exchange rate that is established at a specific level and maintained through government actions (usually through monetary policy actions of a central bank). To fix an exchange rate, a government must be willing to buy and sell currency in the foreign exchange market in whatever amounts are necessary to keep the exchange rate fixed. A fixed exchange rate typically disrupts the balance of trade and balance of payments for a country. But in many cases, this is exactly what a country is seeking to do. This is one of three basic exchange rate policies used by domestic governments. The other two policies are flexible exchange rate and managed flexible exchange rate.
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The first "Black Friday" on record, a friday marked by a major financial catastrophe, occurred on September 24, 1869 -- A FRIDAY -- when an attempted cornering of the gold market induced a financial crises and economy-wide depression.
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"The way employees treat customers reflects the manner in which they're treated by management. " -- James Perkins, president, Cornell University
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ROA Return on Assets
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