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RIVAL CONSUMPTION: Consumption of a good by one person imposes a cost on, or prevents consumption of the good by, another person. Some goods, like food, have extremely rival consumption. One person, and only one person, gets the benefit. Other goods, like national defense, have no consumption rivalry, everyone can benefit simultaneously without imposing a cost on others. This is one of the two key characteristics of a good (the other is excludability) that distinguishes between common-property goods, near-public goods, private goods, and public goods.
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DECREASING RETURNS TO SCALE A given proportional change in all resources in the long run results in a proportional smaller change in production. Decreasing returns to scale exists if a firm increases ALL resources--labor, capital, and other inputs--by a given proportion (say 10 percent) and output increases by less than this proportion (that is, less than 10 percent). This is one of three returns to scale. The other two are increasing returns to scale and constant returns to scale.
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WHITE GULLIBON
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time lost in your local discount super center wanting to buy either a remote controlled ceiling fan or a how-to book on home decorating. Be on the lookout for poorly written technical manuals.
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This isn't me! What am I?
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The first U.S. fire insurance company was established by Benjamin Franklin in 1752 in Philadelphia.
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"Love looks through a telescope; envy, through a microscope. " -- Josh Billings, humorist
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Q-RATIO
Ratio of Total Market Value of Physical Assets
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