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TAX INCIDENCE: The ultimate payment of a tax. Many taxes are initially paid by one person, but passed along through production and consumption activities until it finally reaches someone else. An obvious example is the sales tax. While officially paid by the retail store (they write the check to the government), it's tacked on to the prices paid by consumers. Consumers, thus, bear the lion's share of most sales taxes. The incidence of other taxes is not quite so obvious. Some taxes are paid by producers early in production such as severance taxes on oil extraction without the knowledge of consumers, who end up paying through higher prices. As a general rule taxes are passed through the system until they reach someone (usually consumers) who can pass it no further.
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AUTONOMOUS CONSUMPTION Household consumption expenditures that do not depend on income or production (especially disposable income, national income, or even gross domestic product). That is, changes in income do not generate changes in consumption. Autonomous consumption is best thought of as a baseline or minimum level of consumption that the household sector undertakes in the unlikely event that income falls to zero. It is measured by the intercept term of the consumption function or the consumption line. The alternative to autonomous consumption is induced consumption, which does depend on income.
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BLACK DISMALAPOD
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time flipping through the yellow pages looking to buy either a rechargeable flashlight or storage boxes for your computer software CDs. Be on the lookout for infected paper cuts.
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This isn't me! What am I?
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John Maynard Keynes was born the same year Karl Marx died.
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"Success is the ability to go from one failure to another with no loss of enthusiasm." -- Sir Winston Churchill
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GDI
Gross Domestic Income
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