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ALLOCATION EFFECT: The goal of imposing taxes to change the allocation of resources, that is, to discourage the production, consumption, or exchange or one type of good usually in favor of another. This is one of two reasons that governments impose taxes. The other reason is the revenue effect. Because people would rather not pay taxes, taxes create disincentives to produce, consume, and exchange. If society deems that less of a particular good, such as alcohol, pollution, or cigarettes are "bad," then a tax can reduce its production and consumption, and thus change the allocation of resources.
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MARGINAL PRODUCTIVITY THEORY A theory used to analyze the profit-maximizing quantity of inputs (that is, the services of factor of productions) purchased by a firm in the production of output. Marginal-productivity theory indicates that the demand for a factor of production is based on the marginal product of the factor. In particular, a firm is generally willing to pay a higher price for an input that is more productive and contributes more to output. The demand for an input is thus best termed a derived demand.
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Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time visiting every yard sale in a 30-mile radius hoping to buy either a large, stuffed giraffe or a birthday greeting card for your aunt. Be on the lookout for telephone calls from long-lost relatives.
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John Maynard Keynes was born the same year Karl Marx died.
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"The past cannot be changed. The future is yet in your power. " -- Hugh White, U.S. Senator
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