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LAFFER CURVE: The graphical inverted-U relation between tax rates and total tax collections by government. Developed by economist Arthur Laffer, the Laffer curve formed a key theoretical foundation for supply-side economics of President Reagan during the 1980s. It is based on the notion that government collects zero revenue if the tax rate is 0% and if the tax rate is 100%. At a 100% tax rate no one has the incentive to work, produce, and earn income, so there is no income to tax. As such, the optimum tax rate, in which government revenue is maximized, lies somewhere between 0% and 100%. This generates a curve shaped like and inverted U, rising from zero to a peak, then falling back to zero. If the economy is operating to the right of the peak, then government revenue can be increased by decreasing the tax rate. This was used to justify supply-side economic policies during the Reagan Administration, especially the Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981 (Kemp-Roth Act).
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MACROECONOMIC GOALS Three conditions of the mixed economy that are most important for macroeconomics, including full employment, stability, and economic growth, that are generally desired by society and pursued by governments through economic policies.
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The average length of a "business lunch" is about 36 minutes.
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"Long-range goals keep you from being frustrated by short-term failures " -- J. C. Penney, Retailer
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COMECON
Council for Mutual Economic Assistance
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