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TAX INCIDENCE: The ultimate payment of a tax. Many taxes are initially paid by one person, but passed along through production and consumption activities until it finally reaches someone else. An obvious example is the sales tax. While officially paid by the retail store (they write the check to the government), it's tacked on to the prices paid by consumers. Consumers, thus, bear the lion's share of most sales taxes. The incidence of other taxes is not quite so obvious. Some taxes are paid by producers early in production such as severance taxes on oil extraction without the knowledge of consumers, who end up paying through higher prices. As a general rule taxes are passed through the system until they reach someone (usually consumers) who can pass it no further.
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THRIFT INSTITUTIONS ADVISORY COUNCIL A support committee of the Federal Reserve System that provides advice and input to the Federal Reserve Board of Governors on matters dealing with thrift institutions (savings and loan associations, credit unions, and mutual savings banks). The Thrift Institutions Advisory Council (TIAC) is comprised of 12 members, each serving for 2 years, who represent the interests of savings and loan associations, credit unions, and mutual savings banks. The TIAC is one of three Federal Reserve Board advisory committees. The other two are Federal Advisory Council and Consumer Advisory Council.
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Ragnar Frisch and Jan Tinbergen were the 1st Nobel Prize winners in Economics in 1969.
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"A ship ought not to be held by one anchor, nor life by a single hope. " -- Epictetus, philosopher
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JRE
Journal of Regulatory Economics
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