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ACCOUNTING COST: The actual outlays or expenses incurred in production that shows up a firm's accounting statements or records. Accounting costs, while very important to accountants, company CEOs, shareholders, and the Internal Revenue Service, is only minimally important to economists. The reason is that economists are primarily interested in economic cost (also called opportunity cost). That fact is that accounting costs and economic costs aren't always the same. An opportunity or economic cost is the value of foregone production. Some economic costs, actually a lot of economic opportunity costs, never show up as accounting costs. Moreover, some accounting costs, while legal, bonified payments by a firm, are not associated with any sort of opportunity cost.
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TAX MULTIPLIER A measure of the change in aggregate production caused by changes in government taxes. The tax multiplier is the negative marginal propensity to consume times one minus the slope of the aggregate expenditures line. The simple tax multiplier includes ONLY induced consumption. More complex tax multipliers include other induced components. Two related multipliers are the expenditures multiplier, which measures the change in aggregate production caused by changes in an autonomous aggregate expenditure, and the balanced-budget multiplier which measures the change in aggregate production from equal changes in both taxes and government purchases.
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GRAY SKITTERY
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time driving to a factory outlet trying to buy either a how-to book on fixing your computer, with illustrations or several magazines on computer software. Be on the lookout for the happiest person in the room.
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This isn't me! What am I?
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More money is spent on gardening than on any other hobby.
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"The purpose of learning is growth, and our minds, unlike our bodies, can continue growing as long as we live." -- Mortimer Adler
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SIPP
Survey of Income and Program Participation
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