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PERFECT COMPETITION, SHUTDOWN: A perfectly competitive firm is presumed to shutdown production and produce no output in the short run, if price is less than average variable cost. This is one of three short-run production alternatives facing a firm. The other two are profit maximization (if price exceeds average total cost) and loss minimization (if price is greater than average variable cost but less than average total cost).
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NEAR-PUBLIC GOODS Goods characterized by nonrival consumption and the ability to exclude nonpayers. Near-public goods are one of four types of goods differentiated by consumption rivalry and nonpayer excludability. The other three goods are near-public (rival consumption and nonpayers can be excluded), public (nonrival consumption and nonpayers cannot be excluded), and common-property (rival consumption and nonpayers cannot be excluded). The ease of excluding of nonpayers means near-public goods can be exchanged through markets, but nonrival consumption means efficiency can only be achieved with government intervention.
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BLUE PLACIDOLA
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time at a going out of business sale wanting to buy either a genuine down-filled pillow or one of those "hang in there" kitty cat posters. Be on the lookout for spoiled cheese hiding under your bed hatching conspiracies against humanity.
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This isn't me! What am I?
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John Maynard Keynes was born the same year Karl Marx died.
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"You are never given a dream without also being given the power to make it true." -- Richard Bach, Author
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WPO
Weakly Pareto Optimal
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