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HYSTERESIS: The notion that the natural rate of unemployment is affected by historical events, especially the onset of a business-cycle contraction. Hysteresis results because unemployed resources are permanently changed, through loss of job skills or seniority, making them less employable when the contraction is over. The labor market itself might be permanently change. The result is a permanent increase in structural and frictional unemployment and a higher natural unemployment rate. Alternatively, a prolonged business-cycle expansion can generate long-term changes that cause a permanent decrease in the natural unemployment rate.
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AGGREGATE DEMAND AND MARKET DEMAND The aggregate demand curve, or AD curve, has similarities to, but differences from, the standard market demand curve. Both are negatively sloped. Both relate price and quantity. However, the market demand curve is negatively sloped because of the income and substitution effects and the aggregate demand curve is negatively sloped because of the real-balance, interest-rate, and net-export effects.
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RED AGGRESSERINE
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time searching the newspaper want ads trying to buy either a set of tires or a birthday gift for your grandfather. Be on the lookout for celebrities who speak directly to you through your television.
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John Maynard Keynes was born the same year Karl Marx died.
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"Education is the ability to listen to almost anything without losing your temper or your self-confidence. " -- Robert Frost
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BNA
Bureau of National Affairs
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