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ELASTICITY ALTERNATIVES, SUPPLY: The price elasticity of supply can fall into one of five categories--perfectly elastic, relatively elastic, unit elastic, relatively inelastic, and perfectly inelastic--based on the coefficient of elasticity. This table summarizes the five alternatives. These five elasticity alternatives form a continuum ranging from perfectly elastic at one end to perfectly inelastic at the other. The "middle" of this continuum is occupied by unit elastic. in that the "unit" and the two "perfectly" are really borders, boundaries, and endpoints, most of the real world action involving the price elasticity of supply takes place in the two "relatively" alternatives--relatively elastic and relatively inelastic.
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NONPAYER EXCLUDABILITY Whether or not nonpayers can be excluded from consuming a good. In other words, can those who do not pay for a good be excluded from consuming the good. Nonpayer excludability is based on the ability to possess and transfer property rights or ownership of a good. For some goods, nonpayers can be easily excluded from consumption because property rights are well-defined and easily controlled. For other goods nonpayers cannot be easily excluded from consumption because property rights are not well-defined and cannot be easily controlled. When combined with consumption rivalry, the result is four alternative types of goods -- private, public, common-property, and near-public.
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The first "Black Friday" on record, a friday marked by a major financial catastrophe, occurred on September 24, 1869 -- A FRIDAY -- when an attempted cornering of the gold market induced a financial crises and economy-wide depression.
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"Be a yardstick of quality. Some people aren't used to an environment where excellence is expected. " -- Steve Jobs, Apple Computer co-founder
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BPEA
Brookings Papers on Economic Activity
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