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INJECTION LINE: A line used in the injection-leakage model representing the relation between non-consumption expenditures (that is, injections) and national income. The three injections are investment expenditures, government purchases, and exports. The foundation of the injection line is the investment line, which is then enhanced by adding government purchases and exports. The other part of the injection-leakage model is a line representing leakages. The intersection of the injection and leakage lines identifies equilibrium aggregate output, or Keynesian equilibrium.
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REAL-BALANCE EFFECT A change in aggregate expenditures on real production made by the household, business, government, and foreign sectors that results because a change in the price level alters the purchasing power of money. This is one of three effects underlying the negative slope of the aggregate demand curve associated with a movement along the aggregate demand curve and a change in aggregate expenditures. The other two are interest-rate effect and net-export effect. The real-balance effect is somewhat analogous to the income effect underlying the negative slope of the market demand curve.
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WHITE GULLIBON [What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time searching for rummage sales hoping to buy either a coffee cup commemorating last Friday (you know why) or a wall poster commemorating the first day of spring. Be on the lookout for infected paper cuts. Your Complete Scope
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Only 1% of the U.S. population paid income taxes when the income tax was established in 1914.
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"You just don't luck into things as much as you'd like to think you do. You build step by step, whether it's friendships or opportunities. " -- Barbara Bush, first lady
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LRAC Long Run Average Cost
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