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PIGOUVIAN TAX: A tax on an external cost, such as pollution, designed to use market forces to achieve an efficient allocation of resources. A. C. Pigou, one of the first economists to study the market failure of externalities, is credited with developing this tax system for internalizing costs external to the market. An external cost caused by pollution, for example, can be internalized if polluters pay a tax equal to the value of the external cost.
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GOVERNMENT FAILURES Inefficiencies in the allocation of resources attributable to imperfections in the operation of governments. Government failures are based on the utility-maximizing behavior of politicians, voters, nonvoters, special interest groups, and government employees. The identification and analysis of government failures is central to the study of public choice and offers something of a counterbalance to government actions designed to address the inefficiencies of market failures.
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RED AGGRESSERINE
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time searching the newspaper want ads trying to buy either arch supports for your shoes or an AC adapter that works with your MPG player. Be on the lookout for vindictive digital clocks with revenge on their minds.
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This isn't me! What am I?
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Cyrus McCormick not only invented the reaper for harvesting grain, he also invented the installment payment for selling his reaper.
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"Courage is the ladder on which all the other virtues mount." -- Claire Boothe Luce, diplomat, writer
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LRAC
Long Run Average Cost
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