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INCOME TAX: A tax on income, including wages, rent, interest, profit, and (usually) transfer payments. The income tax system in the United States includes both a personal income tax and corporate income tax. In general, the U. S. income tax is progressive, but through a number of deductions and other loopholes, it's less so in practice that on paper.
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VARIABLE INPUT An input whose quantity can be changed in the time period under consideration. The most common example of a variable input is labor. Variable inputs provide the means used by a firm to control short-run production. The alternative to variable input is fixed input. A fixed input, like capital, provides the capacity constraint in production. As larger quantities of a variable input, like labor, are added to a fixed input like capital, the variable input becomes less productive, which is the law of diminishing marginal returns.
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Ragnar Frisch and Jan Tinbergen were the 1st Nobel Prize winners in Economics in 1969.
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"Success is where preparation and opportunity meet." -- Bobby Unser, Race car driver
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ECU
European Currency Unit
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