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GOVERNMENT PURCHASES LINE: A graphical depiction of the relation between government purchases and national income (or gross domestic product) that plays a role in Keynesian economics and the Keynesian cross. The slope of this line is positive, greater than zero, less than one, and goes by the name marginal propensity for government purchases. The vertical intercept of this line is autonomous government purchases. The aggregate expenditures line used in the Keynesian cross is obtained by adding this government purchases line, as well as, investment expenditures and net exports, to the consumption line. The government purchases line is also combined with investment expenditures for the Keynesian saving-investment model.
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ASSUMPTIONS, KEYNESIAN ECONOMICS The macroeconomic study of Keynesian economics relies on three key assumptions--rigid prices, effective demand, and savings-investment determinants. First, rigid or inflexible prices prevent some markets from achieving equilibrium in the short run. Second, effective demand means that consumption expenditures are based on actual income, not full employment or equilibrium income. Lastly, important savings and investment determinants include income, expectations, and other influences beyond the interest rate. These three assumptions imply that the economy can achieve a short-run equilibrium at less than full-employment production.
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PURPLE SMARPHIN
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Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time at a flea market trying to buy either a rotisserie oven that can also toast bread or a flower arrangement in a coffee cup for your father. Be on the lookout for pencil sharpeners with an attitude.
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In the Middle Ages, pepper was used for bartering, and it was often more valuable and stable in value than gold.
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"If you are going to achieve excellence in big things, you develop the habit in little matters. Excellence is not an exception, it is a prevailing attitude. " -- Colin Powell, general
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