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DIAMOND-WATER PARADOX: The perplexing observation that water, which is more useful than diamonds, has a lower price. If price is related to utility, how can this occur? This paradox was first proposed by classical economists in the 19th century and was subsequently used as a stepping stone for developing the notion of marginal utility and the role it plays in the demand price of a good. The paradox is magically cleared up with an understanding of marginal utility and total utility. People are willing to pay a higher price for goods with greater marginal utility. As such, water which is plentiful has enormous total utility, but a low price because of a low marginal utility. Diamonds, however, have less total utility because they are less plentiful, but a high price because of a high marginal utility.
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BLUE PLACIDOLA
Your compete MICRO*scope for today
You are the type of person who maintains an oasis of calm in the midst of any storm. Family and friends come to you for advice because they don't have the time for you to come to them. Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time touring the new suburban shopping complex hoping to buy either a lazy Susan for you dining room table or a set of serrated steak knives, with durable plastic handles. Be on the lookout for rusty deck screws. You should consider shopping at stores or businesses beginning with the letter M, but do not buy any products with a serial number or product code containing the number 611718. Your preferred shopping venue is department stores. Your special symbol is the at sign (@).
Is this You?
As a Blue Placidola, you are easy-going and even-tempered, calm and composed. For you, the hectic pace of a crowded shopping mall during the holiday rush is nothing, it's little more than a tranquil stroll in the park. Life is good. Life goes on. Why worry. You are a happy shopper and you seldom fret over trivial details of a market exchange, in part because you are astute enough to get moderately low prices and relatively good deals.
This isn't me! What am I?
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RATIONAL ABSTENTION The decision NOT to do something (such as vote in an election) because the cost of taking the action is more than the expected benefit. The rational decision to refrain from an endeavor is a straightforward application of utility maximization and along with the related notion of rational ignorance, is a source of voter apathy and government inefficiency.
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Fighting Business Cycles With STABILIZATION POLICIESAs you may recall, the twins, Donna the Democrat and Rhonda the Republican, seldom agree on anything involving politics, economics, fashion, or flower arrangements. Their imminent entry into the Interstate OmniBank can only mean trouble. Donna, in her official capacity as economic advisor to the President of the quaint and courteous Republic of Northwest Queoldiola, is attempting to enter Interstate OmniBank anxious to borrow enough to finance the Queoldiolan government deficit. Rhonda, as the head of the central bank of the Republic of Northwest Queoldiola, is making every effort to stop her. The source of this particular confrontation between the twins is apparently the best way to eliminate a year-long recession that has struck the quaint and courteous Republic of Northwest Queoldiola.
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It's estimated that the U.S. economy has about $20 million of counterfeit currency in circulation, less than 0.001 perecent of the total legal currency.
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"Sometimes when you innovate, you make mistakes. It is best to admit them quickly and get on with improving your other innovations. " -- Steve Jobs, Apple Computer founder
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AIC
Akaike's Information Criterion
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