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LONG-RUN AVERAGE COST CURVE: A curve depicting the per unit cost of producing a good or service in the long run when all inputs are variable. The long-run average cost curve (usually abbreviated LRAC) can be derived in two ways. On is to plot long-run average cost, which is, long-run total cost divided by the quantity of output produced. at different output levels. The more common method, however, is as an envelope of an infinite number of short-run average total cost curves. Such an envelope is base on identifying the point on each short-run average total cost curve that provides the lowest possible average cost for each quantity of output. The long-run average cost curve is U-shaped, reflecting economies of scale (or increasing returns to scale) when negatively-sloped and diseconomies of scale (or decreasing returns to scale) when positively sloped. The minimum point (or range) on the LRAC curve is the minimum efficient scale.
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EQUATION OF EXCHANGE: An equation that specifies the relation between the money supply, the velocity of money, the price level, and real production. The equation is stated as M*V = P*Q, where M is the money supply, V is the velocity, P is the price level, and Q is real production. This equation is a key component of the quantity theory of money, which offers an explanation between the money supply and inflation. See also | money supply | price level | real production | monetarism | quantity theory of money | inflation |
Recommended Citation:EQUATION OF EXCHANGE, AmosWEB GLOSS*arama, http://www.AmosWEB.com, AmosWEB LLC, 2000-2024. [Accessed: May 18, 2024].
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SIMPLE TAX MULTIPLIER A measure of the change in aggregate production caused by changes in a government taxes that shocks the macroeconomy, when consumption is the ONLY induced expenditure. The simple tax multiplier is the negative marginal propensity to consume times the inverse of one minus the marginal propensity to consume. A related multiplier is the simple expenditures multiplier, which measures the change in aggregate production caused by changes in an autonomous expenditure.
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GRAY SKITTERY
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Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time visiting every yard sale in a 30-mile radius seeking to buy either a replacement remote control for your television or a replacement nozzle for your shower. Be on the lookout for slow moving vehicles with darkened windows.
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The word "fiscal" is derived from a Latin word meaning "moneybag."
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"Perhaps the most valuable result of all education is the ability to make yourself do the thing you have to do, when it ought to be done, whether you like it or not; it is the first lesson that ought to be learned; and however early a man's training begins, it is probably the last lesson that he learns thoroughly. " -- Thomas H. Huxley, Scientist
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DPI
Disposable Personal Income
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