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PLANNED INVESTMENT: Investment expenditures that the business sector intends to undertake based on expected economic conditions, interest rates, sales, and profitability. This is a critical component of Keynesian economics and the analysis of macroeconomic equilibrium, which occurs when actual investment is equal to planned investment. The difference between planned and actual investment is unplanned investment, which is inventory changes caused by a difference between aggregate expenditures and aggregate output. Should actual and planned investment differ, then aggregate expenditures are not equal to aggregate output, and the macroeconomy is not in equilibrium.
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MARGINAL PROPENSITY TO SAVE The proportion of each additional dollar of household income that is used for saving. The marginal propensity to save (abbreviated MPS) is another term for the slope of the saving line and is calculated as the change in saving divided by the change in income. The MPS plays a central role in Keynesian economics. It quantifies the saving-income relation, which is the flip side of the consumption-income relation, and thus it reflects the fundamental psychological law. It is also a critical to the multiplier process. A related saving measure is the average propensity to save.
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Taking A Ride On TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTUREOur pedestrian excursion gives us a ground-level view of the economy, but it's certainly slow and time-consuming. If you're like me, you've probably thought once or twice about jumping into an Omni Motors XL GT 9000 sports coupe to speed us along the way. Or perhaps an Omni Airlines 30-day tourist excursion would make our trip faster and less exhausting. That's one nice thing about modern transportation, it's pretty quick and not too expensive. It also helps us get a whole lot closer to solving the unsolvable problem of scarcity. However, for a really good pedestrian view of transportation and how it helps us along, we'd better remain on foot.
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BEIGE MUNDORTLE
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time flipping through mail order catalogs seeking to buy either any book written by Stephan King or a T-shirt commemorating next Thursday. Be on the lookout for crowded shopping malls.
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The portion of aggregate output U.S. citizens pay in taxes (30%) is less than the other six leading industrialized nations -- Britain, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, or Japan.
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"If you are neutral in situations of injustice, you have chosen the side of the oppressor. If an elephant has its foot on the tail of a mouse and you say that you are neutral, the mouse will not appreciate your neutrality." -- Desmond Tutu, activist
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QJE
Quarterly Journal of Economics
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