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ASSUMPTIONS, CLASSICAL ECONOMICS: Classical economics, especially as directed toward macroeconomics, relies on three key assumptions--flexible prices, Say's law, and saving-investment equality. Flexible prices ensure that markets adjust to equilibrium and eliminate shortages and surpluses. Say's law states that supply creates its own demand and means that enough income is generated by production to purchase the resulting production. The saving-investment equality ensures that any income leaked from consumption into saving is replaced by an equal amount of investment. Although of questionable realism, these three assumptions imply that the economy would operate at full employment.
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EFFECTIVE DEMAND A key conceptual notion of Keynesian economics stipulating that the aggregate expenditures on real production is based on existing or actual income rather than the income that would be generated with full employment of resources. Effective demand is embodied in the aggregate expenditures line, which has a positive slope, but a slope of less than one. This concept was proposed by Thomas Robert Malthus in the early 1800s as a counter argument to Say's law found in classical economics and then found new life when John Maynard Keynes developed his theory in the 1930s.
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GREEN LOGIGUIN
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time wandering around the shopping mall trying to buy either a rechargeable battery for your computer or shoe laces for your snow boots. Be on the lookout for telephone calls from former employers.
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Natural gas has no odor. The smell is added artificially so that leaks can be detected.
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"As is our confidence, so is our capacity. " -- William Hazlitt, essayist
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ABE
Association of Business Executives
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