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ADJUSTMENT, SHORT-RUN AGGREGATE MARKET: Disequilibrium in the short-run aggregate market induces changes in the price level that restore equilibrium. If the price level is above the short-run equilibrium price level, economy-wide product market surpluses cause the price level to fall. If the price level is below the short-run equilibrium price level, economy-wide product market shortages cause the price level to rise. In both cases short-run equilibrium is restored. You might want to compare adjustment, long-run aggregate market. Price level changes induce changes in both aggregate expenditures and real production. Unlike the long-run aggregate market, changes in the price level can induce changes in short-run aggregate supply, making it greater or less than full-employment real production.
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EXCHANGE The process of trading one valuable commodity (good, service, or resource) for another. An exchange can be voluntary, such as what transpires through a market, or involuntary, such as when taxes are imposed by government.
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Only 1% of the U.S. population paid income taxes when the income tax was established in 1914.
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"Never let the fear of striking out get in your way. " -- Babe Ruth
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APC
Average Propensity to Consume
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