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LAW OF DIMINISHING MARGINAL RETURNS: A principle stating that as more and more of a variable input is combined with a fixed input in short-run production, the marginal product of the variable input eventually declines. This is THE economic principle underlying the analysis of short-run production for a firm. Among a host of other things, it offers an explanation for the upward-sloping market supply curve. How does the law of diminishing marginal returns help us understand supply? The law of supply and the upward-sloping supply curve indicate that a firm needs to receive higher prices to produce and sell larger quantities. Why do they need higher prices?
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FREE-RIDER PROBLEM A problem underlying the provision of public goods that occurs when a person consumes or benefits from a good without making payment. The free-rider problem is the primary reason that public goods are produced by governments. Because public goods are characterized by the inability to exclude nonpayers, once a public good is produced anyone, everyone, can consume without making payment, that is, get a "free ride." Voluntary payments like those occurring in markets will not provide enough revenue to pay production costs. The only way to finance public goods is to force free-riders, and everyone else, to pay through government taxes. The free-rider problem also applies to common-property goods.
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BLUE PLACIDOLA
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time touring the new suburban shopping complex seeking to buy either a birthday greeting card for your grandfather or a weathervane with a cow on top. Be on the lookout for telephone calls from former employers.
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This isn't me! What am I?
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The standard "debt" notation I.O.U. does not mean "I owe you," but actually stands for "I owe unto..."
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"Success is going from failure to failure without a loss of enthusiasm. " -- Winston Churchill, British statesman
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SPO
Strongly Pareto Optimal
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