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X-INEFFICIENCY: Cost that is higher than it needs to be because a firm is operating inefficiently. This is most often seen for firms that have a great deal of market control, especially monopoly. The lack of competition allows a business to pad it's expenses, hire unneeded employees (like relatives), goof off instead of working, and all sorts of other things that lessen production and increase cost. The business is not penalized for these actions, because market control allows the company to extract whatever price is needed to cover cost.
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ORDINAL UTILITY The notion that utility--the satisfaction of wants and needs achieved through the consumption of goods and services--is measured by a ranking of preferences (first, second, third, etc.) that are only comparable on a relative basis. Ordinal utility does not presume that satisfaction is a measurable characteristic of a person, like height or weight, that can be compared against an established benchmark. The contrasting notion is cardinal utility, which is based on a numerical standard.
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BROWN PRAGMATOX
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time looking for the new strip mall out on the highway trying to buy either a coffee cup commemorating yesterday or a replacement remote control for your television. Be on the lookout for telephone calls from long-lost relatives.
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This isn't me! What am I?
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The first U.S. fire insurance company was established by Benjamin Franklin in 1752 in Philadelphia.
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"You miss 100% of the shots you never take. " -- Wayne Gretzky, hockey player
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BJE
Bell Journal of Economics
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