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LAFFER CURVE: The graphical inverted-U relation between tax rates and total tax collections by government. Developed by economist Arthur Laffer, the Laffer curve formed a key theoretical foundation for supply-side economics of President Reagan during the 1980s. It is based on the notion that government collects zero revenue if the tax rate is 0% and if the tax rate is 100%. At a 100% tax rate no one has the incentive to work, produce, and earn income, so there is no income to tax. As such, the optimum tax rate, in which government revenue is maximized, lies somewhere between 0% and 100%. This generates a curve shaped like and inverted U, rising from zero to a peak, then falling back to zero. If the economy is operating to the right of the peak, then government revenue can be increased by decreasing the tax rate. This was used to justify supply-side economic policies during the Reagan Administration, especially the Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981 (Kemp-Roth Act).
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MINIMUM EFFICIENT SCALE The quantity of production that places a firm at the lowest point on its long-run average cost curve. The minimum efficient scale achieves production of a good at the lowest possible opportunity cost. In other words, it is not possible to produced a good at any lower cost than at the minimum efficient scale. At this quantity the production involves foregoing the least amount of other goods.
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BEIGE MUNDORTLE
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time flipping through the yellow pages wanting to buy either a birthday greeting card for your grandfather or a weathervane with a cow on top. Be on the lookout for letters from the Internal Revenue Service.
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A U.S. dime has 118 groves around its edge, one fewer than a U.S. quarter.
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"Success is going from failure to failure without a loss of enthusiasm. " -- Winston Churchill, British statesman
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LIBOR
london Inter-Bank Offered Rate
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