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COMPETITION AMONG THE MANY: A market with so many buyers and sellers that none is able to influence the market price or quantity exchanged. This type of competition is the one most favored by economists (the other type is competition among the few). Compared to a three-person sprint, this is like a 10,000-entry road race. To win this race, I can't count on the other 9,999 coming up injured. To win, I may have to be the best I've ever been. I just might have to set a world record. This is the type of competition that brings out the best, most efficient use of resources.
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EFFECTIVE DEMAND A key conceptual notion of Keynesian economics stipulating that the aggregate expenditures on real production is based on existing or actual income rather than the income that would be generated with full employment of resources. Effective demand is embodied in the aggregate expenditures line, which has a positive slope, but a slope of less than one. This concept was proposed by Thomas Robert Malthus in the early 1800s as a counter argument to Say's law found in classical economics and then found new life when John Maynard Keynes developed his theory in the 1930s.
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WHITE GULLIBON
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time touring the new suburban shopping complex trying to buy either a package of 4 by 6 index cards, the ones with lines or a 50 foot extension cord. Be on the lookout for rusty deck screws.
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Much of the $15 million used by the United States to finance the Louisiana Purchase from France was borrowed from European banks.
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"In a decisive set, confidence is the difference. " -- Chris Evert, tennis champion
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ISDA
International Swaps and Derivatives Association
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