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WILLINGNESS TO PAY: The price or dollar amount that someone is willing to give up or pay to acquire a good or service. Willingness to pay is the source of the demand price of a good. However, unlike demand price, in which buyers are on the spot of actually giving up the payment, willingness to pay does not require an actual payment. This concept is important to benefit-cost analysis, welfare economics, and efficiency criteria, especially Kaldor-Hicks efficiency. A related concept is willingness to accept.
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IN-KIND PAYMENTS A payment, usually in exchange for the productive efforts of resources, that takes the form of goods and services produced by the resource buyer rather than the economy's standard monetary unit (that is, dollars). In other words, resource owners are compensated with a portion of the output that they help to produce. The standard method of compensation, which is illustrated by the circular flow model, is for a firm to pay resource owners using money revenue received from selling its production. Hence most factor payments are monetary payments. However, in some circumstances firms and resource owners find it more convenient to use actual production for compensation, eliminating the sell-production-for-money step.
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PINK FADFLY
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Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time at a flea market trying to buy either throw pillows for your living room sofa or a hepa filter for your furnace. Be on the lookout for poorly written technical manuals.
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Two and a half gallons of oil are needed to produce one automobile tire.
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"Concentration is the secret of strength in politics, in war, in trade, in short in all management of human affairs. " -- Ralph Waldo Emerson, philosopher, poet
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AID
Agency for International Development
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