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EXCESS DEMAND: A disequilibrium condition in a competitive market in which the quantity demanded is greater than the quantity supplied, hence there's "extra" demand. Pointy-headed economists generally use the more technical term shortage rather than excess demand. The reason, of course, is that shortage has two syllables and excess demand has four. The time saved in pronouncing two syllables rather than four is a definite efficiency plus for the entire economy.
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PERFECT COMPETITION, LONG-RUN EQUILIBRIUM CONDITIONS The long-run equilibrium of a perfectly competitive industry generates six specific equilibrium conditions, including: (1) economic efficiency (P = MC), (2) profit maximization (MR = MC), (3) perfect competition (MR = AR = P), (4) breakeven output (P = AR = ATC), (5) minimum production cost (MC = ATC), and (6) minimum efficient scale (MC = ATC = LRAC = LRMC).
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GRAY SKITTERY
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time at a flea market wanting to buy either a really, really exciting, action-filled video game or a coffee cup commemorating the moon landing. Be on the lookout for bottles of barbeque sauce that act TOO innocent.
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Before 1933, the U.S. dime was legal as payment only in transactions of $10 or less.
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"Education is the ability to listen to almost anything without losing your temper or your self-confidence. " -- Robert Frost
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EJ
Economic Journal
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