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INCOME-EXPENDITURE MODEL: A macroeconomic model, which captures the essence of Keynesian economics, is based on the equality between total income generated from gross domestic product and total expenditures on gross domestic product. The cornerstone of the income-expenditure model is the consumption function, which relates household consumption expenditures to income and gives rise to the aggregate expenditure line with the addition of investment, government purchases, and net exports. The intersection between the aggregate expenditure line at the 45-degree identifies equilibrium.
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MARKET FAILURES Imperfections in the exchange process between buyers and sellers that prevent markets from efficiently allocating scarce resources. Market failures come in four varieties -- public goods, market control, externalities, and imperfect information. Market efficiency is achieved if the value of goods produced is equal to the value of foregone production. Markets fail when this efficiency condition is not achieved. Such failures can only be corrected by government intervention.
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GRAY SKITTERY
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time looking for the new strip mall out on the highway trying to buy either rechargeable batteries or a rechargeable battery for your computer. Be on the lookout for the happiest person in the room.
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Before 1933, the U.S. dime was legal as payment only in transactions of $10 or less.
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"The ultimate measure of a man is not where he stands in moments of comfort and convenience, but where he stands at times of challenge and controversy." -- Martin Luther King, Jr.
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SPE
Subgame Perfect Equilibrium
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