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ENTRY BARRIERS: Institutional, government, technological, or economic restrictions on the entry of firms into a market or industry. The four primary barriers to entry are: resource ownership, patents and copyrights, government restrictions, and start-up costs. Barriers to entry are a key reason for market control and the inefficiency that this generates. In particular, monopoly, oligopoly, monopsony, and oligopsony often owe their market control to assorted barriers to entry. By way of contrast, perfect competition, monopolistic competition, and monopsonistic competition have few if any barriers to entry and thus little or no market control.
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AGGREGATE DEMAND INCREASE, LONG-RUN AGGREGATE MARKET A shock to the long-run aggregate market caused by an increase in aggregate demand resulting in and illustrated by a rightward shift of the aggregate demand curve. An increase in aggregate demand in the long-run aggregate market results in an increase in the price level but no change in real production. The level of real production resulting from the aggregate demand shock is full-employment real production.
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Junk bonds are so called because they have a better than 50% chance of default, carrying a Standard & Poor's rating of CC or lower.
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"A ship ought not to be held by one anchor, nor life by a single hope. " -- Epictetus, philosopher
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AASB
American Assocation of Small Business
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