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AD VALOREM TARIFF: A tax on imports that is specified as a percentage of the value of the good or service being taxed. This is one form of trade barrier that's intended to restrict imports into a country. Unlike nontariff barriers and quotas, which increase prices and thus revenue received by domestic producers, an 'ad valorem tariff' generates revenue for the government. For example: a 15 percent ad valorem tariff on a TV set worth $100 would pay a tariff of $15. One advantage of an ad valorem tariff is that it keeps up with changes in prices (mostly inflation).
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RISK The quantitative probability of different future outcomes occurring. The assignment of probabilities can be subjective (based on a "feeling") or objective (based on historical data). Risk is related to the concept of uncertainty, which is simply not knowing what the future holds. People have three alternative preferences when confronting risk -- risk aversion, risk neutrality, and risk loving. Risk aversion is key to the provision of insurance.
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RED AGGRESSERINE
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time waiting for visits from door-to-door solicitors trying to buy either pink cotton balls or a genuine down-filled comforter. Be on the lookout for malfunctioning pocket calculators.
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In the Middle Ages, pepper was used for bartering, and it was often more valuable and stable in value than gold.
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"Try not to become a man of success, but rather try to become a man of value. " -- Albert Einstein
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CRRA
Constant Relative Risk Aversion
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