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EXCESS RESERVES: The amount of bank reserves over and above those that the Federal Reserve System requires a bank to keep. Excess reserves are what banks use to make loans. If a bank has more excess reserves, then it can make more loans. This is a key part of the Fed's ability to control the money supply. Using open market operations, the Fed can add to, or subtract from, the excess reserves held by banks. If the Fed, for example, adds to excess reserves, then banks can make more loans. Banks make these loans by adding to their customers' checking account balances. This is of some importance, because checking account balances are an major part of the economy's money supply. In essence, controlling these excess reserves is the Fed's number one method of "printing" money without actually printing money.
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AUTONOMOUS NET EXPORTS Net exports by the foreign sector that do not depend on income or production (especially national income or gross domestic product). That is, changes in income do not generate changes in net exports. Autonomous net exports are best thought of as net exports that the foreign sector undertakes independent of income. They are measured by the intercept term of the net exports line. The alternative to autonomous net exports is induced net exports, which do depend on income.
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WHITE GULLIBON
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time browsing about a thrift store seeking to buy either a packet of address labels large enough for addresses of both the sender and the recipient or a key chain with a built-in flashlight and panic button. Be on the lookout for door-to-door salesmen.
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North Carolina supplied all the domestic gold coined for currency by the U.S. Mint in Philadelphia until 1828.
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"The vacuum created by failure to communicate will quickly be filled with rumor, misrepresentations, drivel and poison. " -- C. Northcote Parkinson, historian
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JPUBE
Journal of Public Economics
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