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MARKET FAILURES: Conditions in which a market does not efficiently allocate resources to achieve the greatest possible consumer satisfaction. The four main market failures are--(1) public good, (2) market control, (3) externality, and (4) imperfect information. In each case, a market acting without any government imposed direction, does not direct an efficient amount of our resources into the production, distribution, or consumption of the good.
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OPEN MARKET OPERATIONS The buying and selling of U.S. Treasury securities by the Federal Reserve System (the Fed) as a means of a controlling the money supply. An increase in the money supply is achieved when the Fed buys securities. A decrease in the money supply is achieved when the Fed sells securities. The Federal Open Market Committee is the specific component of the Federal Reserve System that is charged with open market operations. Open market operations are the most important of the three monetary policy tools that the Fed can use, in principle, to control the money supply. The other two are the discount rate and reserve requirements.
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YELLOW CHIPPEROON
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time looking for a downtown retail store seeking to buy either a rotisserie oven that can also toast bread or a flower arrangement in a coffee cup for your father. Be on the lookout for door-to-door salesmen.
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On a typical day, the United States Mint produces over $1 million worth of dimes.
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"Defeat is simply a signal to press onward." -- Helen Keller, lecturer, author
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BIS
Bank for International Settlements
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