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INDUCED GOVERNMENT PURCHASES: Government purchases that depend on income or production (especially national income or gross national product). An increase in national income triggers an increase in induced government purchases. Induced government purchases is graphically depicted as the slope of the government purchases line and is measured by the marginal propensity for government purchases. The induced relation between income and government purchases, as well as other induced expenditures, form the foundation of the multiplier effect triggered by changes in autonomous expenditures.
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MARKET FAILURES Imperfections in the exchange process between buyers and sellers that prevent markets from efficiently allocating scarce resources. Market failures come in four varieties -- public goods, market control, externalities, and imperfect information. Market efficiency is achieved if the value of goods produced is equal to the value of foregone production. Markets fail when this efficiency condition is not achieved. Such failures can only be corrected by government intervention.
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Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time searching the newspaper want ads wanting to buy either decorative picture frames or storage boxes for your income tax returns. Be on the lookout for a thesaurus filled with typos.
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In the late 1800s and early 1900s, almost 2 million children were employed as factory workers.
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"Rowing harder doesn't help if the boat is headed in the wrong direction. " -- Kenichi Ohmae, management consultant
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