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LAFFER CURVE: The graphical inverted-U relation between tax rates and total tax collections by government. Developed by economist Arthur Laffer, the Laffer curve formed a key theoretical foundation for supply-side economics of President Reagan during the 1980s. It is based on the notion that government collects zero revenue if the tax rate is 0% and if the tax rate is 100%. At a 100% tax rate no one has the incentive to work, produce, and earn income, so there is no income to tax. As such, the optimum tax rate, in which government revenue is maximized, lies somewhere between 0% and 100%. This generates a curve shaped like and inverted U, rising from zero to a peak, then falling back to zero. If the economy is operating to the right of the peak, then government revenue can be increased by decreasing the tax rate. This was used to justify supply-side economic policies during the Reagan Administration, especially the Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981 (Kemp-Roth Act).
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DEMAND-DRIVEN BUSINESS CYCLES Business-cycle instability caused by changes in one or more of the four aggregate demand expenditures on gross domestic production--consumption expenditures, investment expenditures, government purchases, and net exports. This is one of two basic types of business cycles--the other being supply-driven business cycles. Demand-driven business cycles tend to be the more common of the two types.
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BEIGE MUNDORTLE
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time at a flea market trying to buy either a wall poster commemorating the first day of spring or a lazy Susan for you dining room table. Be on the lookout for attractive cable television service repair people.
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The first paper currency used in North America was pasteboard playing cards "temporarily" authorized as money by the colonial governor of French Canada, awaiting "real money" from France.
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"There's only one way to succeed in anything, and that is to give everything. " -- Vince Lombardi
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HSB
High School and Beyond
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