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LAFFER CURVE: The graphical inverted-U relation between tax rates and total tax collections by government. Developed by economist Arthur Laffer, the Laffer curve formed a key theoretical foundation for supply-side economics of President Reagan during the 1980s. It is based on the notion that government collects zero revenue if the tax rate is 0% and if the tax rate is 100%. At a 100% tax rate no one has the incentive to work, produce, and earn income, so there is no income to tax. As such, the optimum tax rate, in which government revenue is maximized, lies somewhere between 0% and 100%. This generates a curve shaped like and inverted U, rising from zero to a peak, then falling back to zero. If the economy is operating to the right of the peak, then government revenue can be increased by decreasing the tax rate. This was used to justify supply-side economic policies during the Reagan Administration, especially the Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981 (Kemp-Roth Act).
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MARGINAL PROPENSITY TO IMPORT The change in imports purchased from the foreign induced by a change in income or production (national income or gross domestic product). The marginal propensity to import (abbreviated MPM) is another term for the slope of the imports line and is calculated as the change in imports divided by the change in income or production. The MPM plays a role in Keynesian economics. It augments the slope of the aggregate expenditures line and is part to the multiplier process. A related marginal measure is the marginal propensity to consume.
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PURPLE SMARPHIN
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time strolling around a discount warehouse buying club looking to buy either storage boxes for your summer clothes or 500 feet of coaxial cable. Be on the lookout for defective microphones.
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In the Middle Ages, pepper was used for bartering, and it was often more valuable and stable in value than gold.
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"The difference between the impossible and the possible lies in a person's determination. " -- Tommy Lasorda
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FAO
Food and Agricultural Organization
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