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KALDOR-HICKS EFFICIENCY: A type of efficiency that results if the monetary value of society's resources are maximized. This is achieved if the marginal willingness to pay by those who benefit from an action is equal to the marginal willingness to accept of those harmed. If this condition is not achieved, then a Kaldor-Hicks improvement is possible. Kaldor-Hicks efficiency, named after Nicholas Kaldor and John Hicks, is the theoretical basis of benefit-cost analysis, a technique commonly used to evaluate the desirability of producing public goods (such as parks, highways, or reservoirs). This is one of two noted efficiency criteria used in economics. The other is Pareto efficiency.
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PROPORTIONAL TAX A tax in which the proportion of income paid in taxes is the same for all income levels. A proportional income tax exists if ever taxpayer pays exactly the same tax rate relative to income regardless of income level. A proportional tax is one of three alternations. The other two are progressive tax, in which the proportion of income paid in taxes is greater for higher income levels, and regressive tax, in which the proportion of income paid in taxes is smaller for higher income levels.
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Lombard Street is London's equivalent of New York's Wall Street.
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"I believe that every right implies a responsibility, every opportunity, an obligation, every possession, a duty. " -- John D. Rockefeller, industrialist
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Wage
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