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INDEPENDENT VARIABLE: A variable that is identified outside the workings of the model. Also termed an exogenous variable, an independent variable is in essence the "input" of the model. It should be compared with an endogenous variable this is the "output" of the model.
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ADVERSE SELECTION An inefficient, bad, or adverse outcome of a market exchange that results because buyers and/or sellers make decisions based on asymmetric information. This commonly results in a market that exchanges a lesser quality good, what is termed the market for lemons. Two related problems resulting from asymmetric information are moral hazard and the principal-agent problem. Two methods of lessoning the problem of adverse selection are signalling and screening.
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In his older years, Andrew Carnegie seldom carried money because he was offended by its sight and touch.
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"In war, there is no second prize for the runner-up." -- Omar Bradley, US Army general
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AFC
Average Fixed Cost
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