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SHUTDOWN RULE: A rule stating that firm minimizes economic loss by producing no output in the short run if price is less than average variable cost. In the short run, a firm incurs total fixed cost whether or not it produces any output. As such, if the market price is falls below average total cost, it must decide if the economic loss from producing the quantity of output that equates marginal revenue and marginal cost is more or less than the economic loss incurred with shutting down production in the short run (which is equal to total fixed cost).
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MARKET FOR LEMONS A market adversely selects only lower quality products for exchange. The market for lemons is an illustration of adverse selection that results from asymmetric information. In this market, because buyers have limited information they offer an average price based on the average quality of the goods. Sellers, however, with better information select to sell lower quality products but not higher quality ones. Two methods of address this problem are signalling and screening. Two related information problems are moral hazard and the principal-agent problem.
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GREEN LOGIGUIN
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time wandering around the downtown area hoping to buy either a wall poster commemorating the 2000 Olympics or a flower arrangement with a lot of roses for your grandmother. Be on the lookout for neighborhood pets, especially belligerent parrots.
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This isn't me! What am I?
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The 1909 Lincoln penny was the first U.S. coin with the likeness of a U.S. President.
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"Defeat is simply a signal to press onward. " -- Helen Keller, author, lecturer
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MLE
Maximum Likelihood Estimator
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