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LAFFER CURVE: The graphical inverted-U relation between tax rates and total tax collections by government. Developed by economist Arthur Laffer, the Laffer curve formed a key theoretical foundation for supply-side economics of President Reagan during the 1980s. It is based on the notion that government collects zero revenue if the tax rate is 0% and if the tax rate is 100%. At a 100% tax rate no one has the incentive to work, produce, and earn income, so there is no income to tax. As such, the optimum tax rate, in which government revenue is maximized, lies somewhere between 0% and 100%. This generates a curve shaped like and inverted U, rising from zero to a peak, then falling back to zero. If the economy is operating to the right of the peak, then government revenue can be increased by decreasing the tax rate. This was used to justify supply-side economic policies during the Reagan Administration, especially the Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981 (Kemp-Roth Act).
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PERFECT COMPETITION, DEMAND The demand curve for the output produced by a perfectly competitive firm is perfectly elastic at the going market price. The firm can sell all of the output that it wants at this price because it is a relatively small part of the market. As a price taker, the firm has no ability to charge a higher price and no reason to charge a lower one. The market price facing a perfectly competitive firm is also average revenue and, most important, marginal revenue.
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YELLOW CHIPPEROON
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time strolling through a department store seeking to buy either a how-to book on wine tasting or a bookshelf that will fit in your closet. Be on the lookout for bottles of barbeque sauce that act TOO innocent.
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This isn't me! What am I?
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Lombard Street is London's equivalent of New York's Wall Street.
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"When the solution is simple, God is answering." -- Albert Einstein
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JF
Journal of Finance
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