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CAPACITY UTILIZATION RATE: The ratio of actual production by business sector factories and other productive establishments in the economy to the potential production of these establishments. This rate indicates if our economy's factories are being used as effectively and as fully as possible. Like the unemployment rate, the capacity utilization rate measures how close our economy is to full employment. And like unemployment, this rate moves up and down over the course of a business cycle. During expansions, the rate is near 85 percent (considered full employment), and during contractions, it tends to be in the 70 percent range. In addition to an overall rate, there are also separate rates for manufacturing, mining, and utility industries.
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PRODUCTION The process of transforming the natural resources of the land into consumer satisfying consumption goods or productive capital goods. This transformation process involves the four scarce resources or factors of production--labor, capital, land, and entrepreneurship. Although production is generally the physical transformation of materials, it often involves the spatial relocation, or transportation, of commodities, as well.
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ORANGE REBELOON
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time waiting for visits from door-to-door solicitors trying to buy either a handcrafted spice rack or a cell phone case. Be on the lookout for mail order catalogs with hidden messages.
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This isn't me! What am I?
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In the Middle Ages, pepper was used for bartering, and it was often more valuable and stable in value than gold.
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"Lord, where we are wrong, make us willing to change; where we are right, make us easy to live with. " -- Peter Marshall, US Senate chaplain
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QJE
Quarterly Journal of Economics
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