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SHERMAN ACT: The first antitrust law passed in the United States in 1890 that outlawed monopoly or any attempts to monopolize a market. This was one of three major antitrust laws passed in the late 1800s and early 1900s. The other two were the Clayton Act and the Federal Trade Commission Act. The Sherman Act was successfully used to break up several noted monopolies in the early 1900s, including the Standard Oil Trust in 1911. However, it was flawed by (1) vague wording that allowed wide interpretation (especially based on political influence) and (2) the lack of an effective means of enforcement other than an extended journey through the court system. These two flaws led to the Federal Trade Commission Act and Clayton Act, both passed in 1914. Although other laws have been passed, the Sherman Act remains the cornerstone of antitrust laws in the United States.
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CONSTANT RETURNS TO SCALE A given proportional change in all resources in the long run results in the same proportional change in production. Constant returns to scale exists if a firm increases ALL resources--labor, capital, and other inputs--by 10 percent, and output also increases by 10 percent. This is one of three returns to scale. The other two are increasing returns to scale and decreasing returns to scale.
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BEIGE MUNDORTLE
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Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time visiting every yard sale in a 30-mile radius looking to buy either clothing for your pet iguana or a set of hubcaps. Be on the lookout for small children selling products door-to-door.
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The 1909 Lincoln penny was the first U.S. coin with the likeness of a U.S. President.
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"Never let the fear of striking out get in your way. " -- Babe Ruth
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NYBID
New York Interbank Bid Rate
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