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LONG-RUN AVERAGE COST CURVE: A curve depicting the per unit cost of producing a good or service in the long run when all inputs are variable. The long-run average cost curve (usually abbreviated LRAC) can be derived in two ways. On is to plot long-run average cost, which is, long-run total cost divided by the quantity of output produced. at different output levels. The more common method, however, is as an envelope of an infinite number of short-run average total cost curves. Such an envelope is base on identifying the point on each short-run average total cost curve that provides the lowest possible average cost for each quantity of output. The long-run average cost curve is U-shaped, reflecting economies of scale (or increasing returns to scale) when negatively-sloped and diseconomies of scale (or decreasing returns to scale) when positively sloped. The minimum point (or range) on the LRAC curve is the minimum efficient scale.
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SELLERS' EXPECTATIONS, SUPPLY DETERMINANT The expectations that sellers have concerning the future price of a good, which is assumed constant when a supply curve is constructed. If sellers expect a higher price, then supply decreases. If sellers expect a lower price, then supply increases. Sellers' expectations are one of five supply determinants that shift the supply curve when they change. The other four are resource prices, production technology, other prices, and number of sellers.
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BEIGE MUNDORTLE
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time surfing the Internet looking to buy either a small palm tree that will fit on your coffee table or several magazines on fashion design. Be on the lookout for jovial bank tellers.
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The earliest known use of paper currency was about 1270 in China during the rule of Kubla Khan.
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"As the births of living creatures at first are ill-shapen, so are all innovations, which are the births of time. " -- Sir Francis Bacon, philosopher
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AR(N)
A nth-order Autoregressive Process
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