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MARKET FAILURES: Conditions in which a market does not efficiently allocate resources to achieve the greatest possible consumer satisfaction. The four main market failures are--(1) public good, (2) market control, (3) externality, and (4) imperfect information. In each case, a market acting without any government imposed direction, does not direct an efficient amount of our resources into the production, distribution, or consumption of the good.
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AVERAGE FACTOR COST, PERFECT COMPETITION Total factor cost per unit of factor input employed by a perfectly competitive firm in the production of output, found by dividing total factor cost by the quantity of factor input. Average factor cost, abbreviated AFC, is generally equal to the factor price. However, using the longer term average factor cost makes it easier to see the connection to related terms, including total factor cost and marginal factor cost.
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BLACK DISMALAPOD
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time waiting for visits from door-to-door solicitors trying to buy either a birthday greeting card for your grandfather or a weathervane with a cow on top. Be on the lookout for the happiest person in the room.
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This isn't me! What am I?
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There were no banks in colonial America before the U.S. Revolutionary War. Anyone seeking a loan did so from another individual.
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"The way employees treat customers reflects the manner in which they're treated by management. " -- James Perkins, president, Cornell University
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IBS
International Bank for Settlements
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