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PARETO EFFICIENCY: A type of efficiency that results if one person can not be made better off without making someone else worse off. Named after Vilfredo Pareto, this criterion is the guiding theoretical notion of efficiency used in the study of economics, especially welfare economics. Pareto efficiency is generally not attained if some resources are idle or unemployed. By engaging idle resources in production, some people can have more production without reducing that available to others. A problem with Pareto efficiency, however, is that it is based on the existing distribution of income and wealth. This is one of two noted efficiency criteria used in economics. The other is Kaldor-Hicks efficiency.
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SUBSTITUTION EFFECT The change in quantity demanded that results because a change in the demand price of a good causes a change in the relative prices, which induces buyers to substitute the purchase of one good for another. This is one of two reasons, or effects, underlying the law of demand and the negative slope of the market demand curve. The other is the income effect.
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BLACK DISMALAPOD
[What's This?]
Today, you are likely to spend a great deal of time searching for rummage sales looking to buy either income tax software or a how-to book on the art of negotiation. Be on the lookout for slightly overweight pizza delivery guys.
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Parker Brothers, the folks who produce the Monopoly board game, prints more Monopoly money each year than real currency printed by the U.S. government.
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"Learning is not compulsory, but neither is survival. " -- W. Edwards Deming, management consultant
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NIFO
Next In First Out
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