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AD VALOREM TARIFF: A tax on imports that is specified as a percentage of the value of the good or service being taxed. This is one form of trade barrier that's intended to restrict imports into a country. Unlike nontariff barriers and quotas, which increase prices and thus revenue received by domestic producers, an 'ad valorem tariff' generates revenue for the government. For example: a 15 percent ad valorem tariff on a TV set worth $100 would pay a tariff of $15. One advantage of an ad valorem tariff is that it keeps up with changes in prices (mostly inflation).
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RISK NEUTRALITY A preference for risk in which a person is indifferent between guaranteed or certain income over risky income. Risk neutrality arises due to constant marginal utility of income. A risk neutral person has no preference for or against risk. This is one of three risk preferences. The other two are risk aversion and risk loving.
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Ragnar Frisch and Jan Tinbergen were the 1st Nobel Prize winners in Economics in 1969.
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"Believe one who has tried it. " -- Virgil, Roman poet
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WLLN
Weak Law of Large Numbers
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