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LONG RUN, MICROECONOMICS: In terms of the microeconomic analysis of production and supply, a period of time in which all inputs in the production process are variable. The long run is primarily used to analyze production decisions for a firm and is also referred to as the planning horizon. The long run is a period of time in which a business can change the quantities of ALL resource inputs--labor, capital, land, and entrepreneurship. Nothing is fixed. If your factory is to small, well then, build a bigger one. The long-run analysis of production is used to better understand economies of scale, diseconomies of scale, and long-run market supply.
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                           DISINFLATION: A decline in the inflation rate. With disinflation, prices continue rising, just not as fast. Numerically speaking, disinflation occurs if the inflation rate over three consecutive years is 10 percent, 6 percent this year, and 4 percent. Disinflation, a reduction in the inflation rate, is not the same as deflation, which is an actual decline in the price level. Should disinflation continue, presumably due to anti-inflationary monetary or fiscal policies, then the average price level might eventually decline, making the transition from disinflation to deflation. | Inflation Rate |  |
Disinflation generally comes into popular use when inflation has been relatively high and troublesome for a period of time and people are looking for any sign of relief. As such, a decrease in the inflation rate is taken as good news. However, disinflation is actually a relatively common phenomenon associated with business cycles. As this chart of inflation rates over the past few decades illustrates, inflation invariably declines during business-cycle contractions (shaded areas).During the contraction of the early 1990s, disinflation brought the inflation rate down from about 6 percent to just over 2 percent. An even more dramatic example of disinflation resulted from the contraction of the early 1980s. The inflation rate declined from over 14 percent to under 4 percent. In fact, this particular contraction was created with contractionary monetary policy by the Federal Reserve System with the expressed goal of reducing the high inflation rates that characterized the 1970s, that is, to achieve disinflation.
Recommended Citation:DISINFLATION, AmosWEB Encyclonomic WEB*pedia, http://www.AmosWEB.com, AmosWEB LLC, 2000-2024. [Accessed: May 17, 2024].
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